Pet Allergies Explained: Causes, Signs, and How to Help

Does your dog or cat seem to be scratching constantly, sneezing more than usual, or developing red, irritated skin? Allergies are surprisingly common in pets, and just like in people, they can make everyday life uncomfortable.

The good news is, once you understand what’s triggering the reaction, there are many ways to help your furry friend feel better. Let’s look at the most common causes, symptoms, and treatment options for pet allergies.

An allergy happens when the immune system overreacts to something harmless,such as pollen, food, or flea saliva and treats it like a threat. This reaction causes inflammation, leading to itching, sneezing, or digestive upset. Allergies can affect dogs, cats, and even smaller pets like rabbits or guinea pigs.

Several things can set off allergic reactions in pets:

• Environmental allergens:  pollen, mould, dust mites, and even grass

• Food allergens: certain proteins like beef, chicken, fish, or ingredients such as dairy, wheat, or soy

• Fleas:  even a single bite can cause intense itching in sensitive pets

• Contact allergens:  plants, fabrics, shampoos, detergents, or even plastic bowls

Allergies can look different depending on the trigger, but the most common signs include:

• Persistent itching, rashes, or hair loss

• Red or inflamed ears, frequent head shaking, or ear infections

• Sneezing, coughing, or wheezing

• Digestive issues like vomiting, diarrhoea, or gas

• Constant licking or chewing of the paws

Occasional scratching may just mean dry skin or mild irritation. But if your pet’s symptoms are ongoing, lead to infections, or cause obvious discomfort, allergies are more likely. The best way to know for sure is with a veterinary check-up.

Getting to the root of the problem often requires:

• A physical exam to check for irritation or infection

• Allergy testing (blood or skin tests) to identify environmental triggers

• An elimination diet to rule out food allergies

• A flea assessment to ensure flea bites aren’t the culprit

While there’s no permanent cure, allergies can be managed effectively. Treatment may include:

• Medications: antihistamines, steroids, Apoquel, or Cytopoint

• Special diets:  hypoallergenic or novel protein foods (like duck or venison)

• Flea prevention:  year-round control to prevent flea bite reactions

• Environmental changes:  using air purifiers, frequent washing of bedding, and hypoallergenic shampoos

• Immunotherapy:  allergy shots or drops for long-term desensitisation to triggers

With the right plan, most pets with allergies can live happy, comfortable lives. Regular vet visits, careful management, and early treatment of flare-ups make a big difference.

If your pet is scratching, sneezing, or showing signs of allergies, book an appointment with Northern Beaches Mobile Vet today.